ARTICLE Communicated by Manuel Beiran Heterogeneity in Neuronal Dynamics Is Learned by Gradient Descent for Temporal Processing Tasks Chloe N. Winston wincnw@gmail.com Departments of Neuroscience and Computer Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A., and University of Washington Computational Neuroscience Center, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A. Dana Mastrovito dana.mastrovito@alleninstitute.org Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, U.S.A. Eric Shea-Brown etsb@uw.edu Stefan Mihalas stefanm@alleninstitute.org University

LETTER Communicated by Terrence Sejnowski TruthSift: A Platform for Collective Rationality Eric B. Baum eric@truthsift.com TruthSift, Princeton, NJ 08540, U.S.A. TruthSift is a cloud-based platform that logically combines members’ contributions into a collective intelligence. Members add statements and directed connectors to diagrams. TruthSift monitors which statements have been logically established by demonstrations for which every chal- lenge raised has been refuted by an established refutation.

LETTER Communicated by Dina Obeid Identifying and Localizing Multiple Objects Using Artificial Ventral and Dorsal Cortical Visual Pathways Zhixian Han han594@purdue.edu Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A. Anne Sereno asereno@purdue.edu Department of Psychological Sciences and Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A. In our previous study (Han & Sereno, 2022a), we found that two artifi-

ARTICLE Communicated by Richard Zemel How to Represent Part-Whole Hierarchies in a Neural Network Geoffrey Hinton hinton@cs.toronto.edu Google Research; and Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; and Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada This article does not describe a working system. Instead, it presents a sin- gle idea about representation that allows advances made by several dif- ferent

REVIEW Communicated by Tobi Delbruck Neuromorphic Engineering: In Memory of Misha Mahowald Carver Mead carver@caltech.edu California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, U.S.A. We review the coevolution of hardware and software dedicated to neu- romorphic systems. From modest beginnings, these disciplines have be- come central to the larger field of computation. In the process, their biological foundations become more relevant, and their realizations increasingly overlap.

ARTICLE Communicated by Simon Du On the Explainability of Graph Convolutional Network With GCN Tangent Kernel Xianchen Zhou zhouxianchen13@nudt.edu.cn Hongxia Wang wanghongxia@nudt.edu.cn National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, P.R.C. Graph convolutional network (GCN) is a powerful deep model in dealing with graph data. However, the explainability of GCN remains a difficult problem since the training behaviors for graph neural networks are hard to describe.

ARTICLE Communicated by John Beggs Large-Scale Algorithmic Search Identifies Stiff and Sloppy Dimensions in Synaptic Architectures Consistent With Murine Neocortical Wiring Tarek Jabri tarekjabri@g.harvard.edu Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A. Jason N. MacLean jmaclean@uchicago.edu Department of Neurobiology, Committee on Computational Neuroscience, and Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A. Complex systems can be defined by “sloppy” dimensions, meaning that

LETTER Communicated by Si Wu Progressive Interpretation Synthesis: Interpreting Task Solving by Quantifying Previously Used and Unused Information Zhengqi He zhengqi.he@riken.jp Lab for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Taro Toyoizumi taro.toyoizumi@riken.jp Lab for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Department of Mathematical Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, the

ARTICLE Communicated by Shigehiro Namiki A Neural Model for Insect Steering Applied to Olfaction and Path Integration Andrea Adden andrea.adden@crick.ac.uk Vision Group, Department of Biology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden Terrence C. Stewart terrence.stewart@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca National Research Council of Canada, University of Waterloo Collaboration Centre, Waterloo, N2L 3G1 Canada Barbara Webb B.Webb@ed.ac.uk Insect Robotics Group, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Edinburgh, U.K.

ARTICLE Communicated by Steven Zucker Toward Network Intelligence Alex Pentland pentland@mit.edu Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A. This article proposes a conceptual framework to guide research in neural computation by relating it to mathematical progress in other fields and to examples illustrative of biological networks. The goal is to provide insight into how biological networks, and possibly large artificial net- works such as

Communicated by James V. Stone On Suspicious Coincidences and Pointwise Mutual Information Christopher K. I. Williams ckiw@inf.ed.ac.uk School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, U.K. Barlow (1985) hypothesized that the co-occurrence of two events A and B is “suspicious” if P(A, B) (cid:2) P(A)P(B). We first review classical mea- sures of association for 2 × 2 contingency tables, including Yule’s Y (Yule, 1912),

ARTICLE Communicated by Terrence Sejnowski Disentangled Representation Learning and Generation With Manifold Optimization Arun Pandey arun.pandey@esat.kuleuven.be KU Leuven, Department of Electrical Engineering, STADIUS Center for Dynamical Systems, Signal Processing and Data Analytics, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium Michaël Fanuel michael.fanuel@univ-lille.fr Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France Joachim Schreurs joachim.schreurs@esat.kuleuven.be Johan A. K. Suykens johan.suykens@esat.kuleuven.be KU Leuven, Department of Electrical Engineering, STADIUS Center for Dynamical

LETTER Communicated by Stefano Panzeri Bayesian Integration in a Spiking Neural System for Sensorimotor Control Massimo Grillo massimo.grillo97@gmail.com Nearlab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy Alice Geminiani alice.geminiani@unipv.it Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia 27100, Italy Cristiano Alessandro cri.alessandro@gmail.com Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia 27100, Italy, and School of Medicine and Surgery/Sport

LETTER Communicated by Lea Duncker Probing the Relationship Between Latent Linear Dynamical Systems and Low-Rank Recurrent Neural Network Models Adrian Valente adrian.valente@ens.fr Srdjan Ostojic srdjan.ostojic@ens.fr Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Computationnelles, INSERM U960, Ecole Normale Superieure–PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France Jonathan W. Pillow pillow@princeton.edu Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A. A large body of work has suggested that neural populations exhibit

Communicated by Terrence Sejnowski Feelings Are the Source of Consciousness Antonio Damasio damasio@usc.edu Hanna Damasio hdamasio@usc.edu Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2921, U.S.A. In this view, we address the problem of consciousness, and although we focus on its human presentation, we note that the phenomenon is present in numerous nonhuman species and

ARTICLE Communicated by Alessandro Treves A Model of Semantic Completion in Generative Episodic Memory Zahra Fayyaz zahra.fayyaz@ini.rub.de Aya Altamimi aya.altamimi@ini.rub Institute for Neural Computation, Faculty of Computer Science, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany Carina Zoellner carina.zoellner@rub.de Nicole Klein Nicole.Klein-g5y@rub.de Oliver T. Wolf oliver.t.wolf@rub.de Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany Sen Cheng sen.cheng@rub.de Laurenz Wiskott laurenz.wiskott@ini.rub

REVIEW Communicated by Mark Churchland Toward a Biomimetic Neural Circuit Model of Sensory-Motor Processing Stephen G. Lisberger lisberger@neuro.duke.edu Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A. Computational models have been a mainstay of research on smooth pur- suit eye movements in monkeys. Pursuit is a sensory-motor system that is driven by the visual motion of small targets. It creates a smooth

ARTICLE Communicated by Eric T. Shea-Brown Reduced-Dimension, Biophysical Neuron Models Constructed From Observed Data Randall Clark r2clark@ucsd.edu Lawson Fuller llfuller@ucsd.edu Jason A. Platt jplatt@ucsd.edu Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0374, U.S.A. Henry D. I. Abarbanel habarbanel@ucsd.edu Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0374, U.S.A. Using methods