Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xli:1 (Summer, 2010), 7–25. LIBERALISM AND THE LIMITS OF INCLUSION David Cook-Martín and David FitzGerald Liberalism and the Limits of Inclusion: Race and Immigration Law in the Americas, 1850–2000 The relationship between classical political liberalism and racism poses distinct puzzles for different schools of scholarship. On the one hand, conventional accounts maintain that racism has been an ab- erration in politically

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xl:4 (Spring, 2010), 551–578. TRADITIONAL BASQUE FISHING BROTHERHOODS Andreas Hess “Working the Waves”: The Plebeian Culture and Moral Economy of Traditional Basque Fishing Brotherhoods The Basque ªshing fraternity (cofradía de mareantes) is the institutional manifestation of a rich local plebeian culture and the moral economy that once grounded it. Its original raison d’être was to facilitate a collective voice for local

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xl:3 (Winter, 2010), 399–412. BIOGRAPHY AS HISTORY Stanley Wolpert Biography as History: A Personal Reºection His- tory has illuminated every ªeld of human endeavor—science as well as the arts—embracing countless modern disciplines, expand- ing its focus on change over time to comprehend entire nations, cultures, and civilizations, each far more complex than any indi- vidual life. But at its best, biography

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xl:2 (Autumn, 2009), 215–238. ACCOUNTING FOR GOVERNMENT Jacob Soll Accounting for Government: Holland and the Rise of Political Economy in Seventeenth-Century Europe The Dutch may ascribe their present grandeur to the virtue and frugality of their ancestors as they please, but what made that contemptible spot of the earth so considerable among the powers of Europe has been their political wisdom

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xl:1 (Summer, 2009), 33–56. PLANNING THE PEACE Melissa Willard-Foster Planning the Peace and Enforcing the Surrender: Deterrence in the Allied Occupations of Germany and Japan “A well behaved occupied country,” writes Schelling in Arms and Inºuence, “is not one in which violence plays no part; it may be one in which latent violence is used so skillfully that it need not

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxix:4 (Spring, 2009), 471–495. CREATING SOCIAL CAPITAL Johann N. Neem Creating Social Capital in the Early American Republic: The View from Connecticut To Connec- ticut’s Congregational ministers, something had gone wrong. Hardly had independence been won when ordinary people began challenging elite authority at home. In the newer settlements of the Old Northwest, many former Connecticut residents did not even go

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxix:3 (Winter, 2009), 323–348. THE GASTRODYNAMICS OF DISPLACEMENT Knut Oyangen The Gastrodynamics of Displacement: Place- Making and Gustatory Identity in the Immigrants’ Midwest Between 1830 and 1920, millions of Europeans ar- rived on the prairies and plains of the rural Midwest. Scholars tend to stress the surprising cultural continuity in the lives of these men and women, but immigrants were, in

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxix:2 (Autumn, 2008), 211–232. THE STATURE AND BMI OF MEXICANS IN THE U.S. Scott Alan Carson The Stature and Body Mass of Mexicans in the Nineteenth-Century United States Nineteenth- century Mexico experienced considerable political and economic instability. Initially a Spanish colony, Mexico (New Spain), gained its independence in 1821. For the next ªfty-ªve years, political power vacillated between various factions. The

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxix:1 (Summer, 2008), 37–64. NATIONAL SECURITY AND U.S. IMMIGRATION POLICY Robbie Totten National Security and U.S. Immigration Policy, 1776–1790 Why did the U.S. federal government do so little to restrict immigration until almost the twentieth century? Most ex- planations of early U.S. immigration policy stress ideological and economic factors. Higham, a prominent immigration scholar, ar- gued that America opened its doors

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxviii:3 (Winter, 2008), 377–399. BENEFIT OF THE DOUBT Larry M. Logue and Peter Blanck “Beneªt of the Doubt”: African-American Civil War Veterans and Pensions A reading of Civil War pen- sion statutes and lawmakers’ pronouncements suggests a federal military-beneªt system that was color-blind. Pension laws rarely mention race, and a Congressional committee saw “no reason why the heirs of colored soldiers

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxviii:2 (Autumn, 2007), 233–254. SHOOT TO KILL Jeffrey S. Adler Shoot to Kill: The Use of Deadly Force by the Chicago Police, 1875–1920 The American police have a long history of violent behavior. From the baton-wielding patrol- men of the nineteenth century—invariably nicknamed “Club- bers”—to the four New York City policemen who ªred forty- one shots at an unarmed, twenty-two-year-old Guinean

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxviii:2 (Autumn, 2007), 207–232. WIDOWHOOD STRATEGIES Martin Dribe, Christer Lundh, and Paul Nystedt Widowhood Strategies in Preindustrial Society The household was of utmost importance for the daily lives of the rural population in preindustrial times. The organization of pro- duction, consumption, and social welfare (for example, nursing care of children and the elderly) took place there. The division of labor within

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxviii:2 (Autumn, 2007), 177–205. HOUSEHOLDS AND PLAGUE Samuel K. Cohn, Jr., and Guido Alfani Households and Plague in Early Modern Italy The past decade has seen the debate about the Black Death and its suc- cessive waves edging away from social and cultural history toward questions of biology and epidemiology: Was the Black Death Yersinia pestis? Does it make sense to

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxviii:1 (Summer, 2007), 33–64. SINGLE PARENTHOOD AND CHILDHOOD OUTCOMES Howard Bodenhorn Single Parenthood and Childhood Outcomes in the Mid-Nineteenth-Century Urban South An in- creasing volume of research documents the rising incidence of single parenthood and its consequences for children. Issues sur- rounding the consequences of single motherhood have special salience for black Americans. According to Fields, about 16 per- cent of

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxvii:4 (Spring, 2007), 513–542. THE COLONIAL ORIGINS OF AMERICAN SPEECH Paul K. Longmore “Good English without Idiom or Tone”: The Colonial Origins of American Speech Questions about shared language have played an important role in driving nationalism. European, Asian, and African nationalizing cam- paigns, facing obstacles of dialect and language diversity, all pro- moted, and sometimes tried to, enforce particular dialects

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxvii:1 (Summer, 2006), 35–58. ROCKING THE CRADLE Gloria L. Main Rocking the Cradle: Downsizing the New England Family Sometime around the year 1800, if not be- fore, couples throughout New England began talking to each other about the desirability of postponing children. Why they did so is something of a mystery, but the consequences of those con- versations are unmistakable: The

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxv:3 (Winter, 2005), 481–500. THE OTTOMAN PUBLIC KITCHEN Amy Singer Serving Up Charity: The Ottoman Public Kitchen Ottoman public kitchens, known as ‘imaret, aqhane, darü’l-it(am, or darü’z-ziyafe, handed out food, free of charge, to speciªc groups and to fortunate individuals. These public kitchens were con- structed throughout the territories of the Ottoman Empire, from the fourteenth century into the nineteenth. Prior

Journal of Interdisciplinary History, xxxiv:1 (Summer, 2003), 1–25. RATS, COMMUNICATIONS, AND PLAGUE Michael McCormick Rats, Communications, and Plague: Toward an Ecological History Until recently, there were no Roman rats. As disease, ecological change, and their economic implica- tions push their way to the top of the historian’s agenda, ancient rodents have triggered controversy and new research, some of it in the pages of this journal.