Temporal Expectations Prepare Visual Working Memory for Behavior Wen Jin1,2, Anna C. Nobre1,2, and Freek van Ede1,3 Abstract ■ Working memory enables us to retain past sensations in service of anticipated task demands. How we prepare for antici- pated task demands during working memory retention remains poorly understood. Hier, we focused on the role of time— asking how temporal expectations help prepare for ensuing memory-guided

Rhythm Complexity Modulates Behavioral and Neural Dynamics During Auditory–Motor Synchronization Brian Mathias1,2*, Anna Zamm1,3*, Pierre G. Gianferrara1,4 Bernhard Ross5, and Caroline Palmer1 Abstract ■ We addressed how rhythm complexity influences auditory– motor synchronization in musically trained individuals who per- ceived and produced complex rhythms while EEG was recorded. Participants first listened to two-part auditory sequences (Listen condition). Each part featured a single pitch presented at

Sequence Memory in the Hippocampal–Entorhinal Region Jacob L. S. Bellmund1, Ignacio Polti2, and Christian F. Doeller1,2 Abstract ■ Episodic memories are constructed from sequences of events. When recalling such a memory, we not only recall individual events, but we also retrieve information about how the sequence of events unfolded. Hier, we focus on the role of the hippocampal–entorhinal region in processing and remembering sequences of

Inferring Causality from Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Cognitive Neuroscience Til Ole Bergmann1 and Gesa Hartwigsen2 Abstract ■ Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) Techniken, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial direct and al- ternating current stimulation, are advocated as measures to en- able causal inference in cognitive neuroscience experiments. Transcending the limitations of purely correlative neuroimaging measures and experimental sensory stimulation, they allow to experimentally manipulate

Processing Speech and Thoughts during Silent Reading: Direct Reference Effects for Speech by Fictional Characters in Voice-Selective Auditory Cortex and a Theory-of-Mind Network Ben Alderson-Day1, Jamie Moffatt1,2, Marco Bernini1, Kaja Mitrenga1 Bo Yao3, and Charles Fernyhough1 D o w n l o a d e d l l / / / / j f / t t i t . : / / f r

A Geometric Characterization of Population Coding in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus during a Paired-Associate Learning Task Yue Liu1, Scott L. Brincat2, Earl K. Miller2, and Michael E. Hasselmo1 Abstract ■ Large-scale neuronal recording techniques have enabled dis- coveries of population-level mechanisms for neural computa- tion. Jedoch, it is not clear how these mechanisms form by trial-and-error learning. In diesem Artikel, we present an initial

Uncoupling Sensation and Perception in Human Time Processing Nicola Binetti1, Alessandro Tomassini2, Karl Friston3, and Sven Bestmann3,4 Abstract ■ Timing emerges from a hierarchy of computations ranging from early encoding of physical duration (time sensation) to abstract time representations (time perception) suitable for stor- age and decisional processes. Jedoch, the neural basis of the per- ceptual experience of time remains elusive. Um das zu erwähnen, Wir

Pre-output Language Monitoring in Sign Production Stephanie K. Riès1,2, Linda Nadalet1, Soren Mickelsen1, Megan Mott1, Katherine J. Midgley1, Phillip J. Holcomb1,2, and Karen Emmorey1,2 Abstract ■ A domain-general monitoring mechanism is proposed to be involved in overt speech monitoring. This mechanism is re- flected in a medial frontal component, the error negativity (Ne), present in both errors and correct trials (Ne-like wave) but larger in

Cortical Transformation of Stimulus Space in Order to Linearize a Linearly Inseparable Task Meng-Huan Wu1*, David Kleinschmidt2*, Lauren Emberson3, Donias Doko4, Shimon Edelman5, Robert Jacobs1, and Rajeev Raizada1 Abstract ■ The human brain is able to learn difficult categorization tasks, even ones that have linearly inseparable boundaries; Jedoch, it is currently unknown how it achieves this computational feat. We investigated this by training participants on

Unraveling the Relation between EEG Correlates of Attentional Orienting and Sound Localization Performance: A Diffusion Model Approach Laura-Isabelle Klatt1, Daniel Schneider1, Anna-Lena Schubert2, Christina Hanenberg1, Jörg Lewald1,3, Edmund Wascher1, and Stephan Getzmann1 Abstract ■ Understanding the contribution of cognitive processes and their underlying neurophysiological signals to behavioral phenom- ena has been a key objective in recent neuroscience research. Using a diffusion model framework, we investigated

Perceptual Expectations Modulate Low-Frequency Activity: A Statistical Learning Magnetoencephalography Study Ying Joey Zhou1, Alexis Pérez-Bellido1,2, Saskia Haegens1,3, and Floris P. de Lange1 Abstract ■ Perceptual expectations can change how a visual stimulus is perceived. Recent studies have shown mixed results in terms of whether expectations modulate sensory representa- tionen. Hier, we used a statistical learning paradigm to study the temporal characteristics of perceptual expectations. Wir

Fixation-related Brain Potentials during Semantic Integration of Object–Scene Information Moreno I. Coco1,2, Antje Nuthmann3, and Olaf Dimigen4 Abstract ■ In vision science, a particularly controversial topic is whether and how quickly the semantic information about objects is avail- able outside foveal vision. Hier, we aimed at contributing to this debate by coregistering eye movements and EEG while parti- cipants viewed photographs of indoor scenes that

Bilateral Gamma/Delta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Affects Interhemispheric Speech Sound Integration Basil C. Preisig1,2,3, Matthias J. Sjerps1,2, Alexis Hervais-Adelman3, Anne Kösem4, Peter Hagoort1,2, and Lars Riecke5 D o w n l o a d e d Abstract ■ Perceiving speech requires the integration of different speech cues, das ist, formants. When the speech signal is split so that different cues are presented to the right

The Neural Time Course of Semantic Ambiguity Resolution in Speech Comprehension Lucy J. MacGregor1, Jennifer M. Rodd2, Rebecca A. Gilbert1, Olaf Hauk1, Ediz Sohoglu1,3, and Matthew H. Davis1 Abstract ■ Semantically ambiguous words challenge speech compre- hension, particularly when listeners must select a less frequent (subordinate) meaning at disambiguation. Using combined mag- netoencephalography (MEG) and EEG, we measured neural re- sponses associated with distinct cognitive

Retrospective Selection in Visual and Tactile Working Memory Is Mediated by Shared Control Mechanisms Tobias Katus1,2 and Martin Eimer1 Abstract ■ Selective attention regulates the activation of working mem- ory (WM) Darstellungen. Retro-cues, presented after memory sample stimuli have been stored, modulate these activation states by triggering shifts of attention to task-relevant samples. Hier, we investigated whether the control of such attention shifts is modality-specific

The Formation of Symmetrical Gestalts Is Task-Independent, but Can Be Enhanced by Active Regularity Discrimination Alexis D. J. Makin1, Giulia Rampone1, Amie Morris1, and Marco Bertamini1,2 Abstract ■ The brain can organize elements into perceptually mean- ingful gestalts. Visual symmetry is a useful tool to study gestalt formation, and we know that there are symmetry-sensitive re- gions in the extrastriate cortex. Jedoch, it is unclear

Adaptation to Binocular Anticorrelation Results in Increased Neural Excitability Reuben Rideaux, Elizabeth Michael, and Andrew E. Welchman Abstract ■ Throughout the brain, information from individual sources converges onto higher order neurons. Zum Beispiel, information from the two eyes first converges in binocular neurons in area V1. Some neurons are tuned to similarities between sources of infor- mation, which makes intuitive sense in a system striving

Slow Endogenous Fluctuations in Cortical fMRI Signals Correlate with Reduced Performance in a Visual Detection Task and Are Suppressed by Spatial Attention David W. Bressler, Ariel Rokem*, and Michael A. Silver D o w n l o a d e d l l / / / / j f / t t i t . : / / f r o m D o h